Sahar Pasyar; Hossein Baghooli; Majid Barzegar; Nadereh Sohrabi
Abstract
IntroductionBreast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of death in women with many physical and psychological complications. The increasing growth of cancer in the last few decades and its harmful effects on all dimensions of the patient's life (physical, emotional, spiritual, ...
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IntroductionBreast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of death in women with many physical and psychological complications. The increasing growth of cancer in the last few decades and its harmful effects on all dimensions of the patient's life (physical, emotional, spiritual, social, and economic) have caused attention of specialists to be more focused on this disease. Among the different types of cancer that women suffer from, breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in the world. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment and the stress reduction program based on mindfulness on the attitude of work, health anxiety, psychological well-being, and body image in women with breast cancer who underwent a mastectomy in Shiraz city who visited Amir Hospital in 2022. MethodThe subjects included a sample of 45 people who were randomly divided into two experimental groups and a control group (three groups of 15 people) who had the criteria for entering the research, age, education, and mastectomy surgery, and the data were collected in two stages: pre-test, post-test with the control group and follow-up. And it was recorded that the research data were used using the multivariate covariance method and post hoc tests of Sheffe and Benferoni to test the hypotheses and the data were analyzed using spss (18) software. The research tools included Weissman &, Beck's inefficient Attitudes Questionnaire (1978) attitude questionnaire, Rief's psychological well-being (1989), Salkoskis and Warwick's (2000) health anxiety questionnaire, and Kesh's body image, Mykola Braun (1990). ResultsThe results of this research showed that the therapy based on acceptance and commitment is more effective than the stress reduction program based on mindfulness because the underlying principles of the therapy based on acceptance and commitment are aimed at increasing psychological flexibility. The pairwise comparison made regarding the well-being variable in Table (4-6) shows that both treatments (ACT and MBSR) have a statistically significant effect on this variable (P<0.05). The results showed that the treatment of acceptance and commitment was more effective. Regarding the effectiveness of the treatment based on acceptance and commitment in comparison with the stress reduction program based on mindfulness in the attitude of work, health anxiety, psychological well-being, and body image in women with cancer. The mastectomy breast of Shiraz can be because the underlying principles of treatment are based on acceptance and commitment to increasing psychological flexibility. DiscussionAcceptance and Commitment Therapy focuses on reducing experiential avoidance and cognitive entanglement with dysfunctional rules until it reconnects with meaningful values. Mediation analysis of the believability of negative thoughts has been identified as a partially mediating factor in the ability to predict awareness attention, experiential avoidance, and cognitive fusion in psychological distress. With stronger negative thoughts, believability was positively associated with higher levels of psychological distress.
Sareh Moaref; Nadareh Sohrabi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy and clay therapy, and difference between them in improving of attention deficit disorder in treatment of children in elementary school. In this study whole experiments design with posttest – pretest control group was ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy and clay therapy, and difference between them in improving of attention deficit disorder in treatment of children in elementary school. In this study whole experiments design with posttest – pretest control group was used. Research populations was include female students at the elementary school which were 7-10 years old, who had attention deficit disorder in one of schools in Shiraz, that is full of population. After completing the questionnaire about attention deficit disorder (CSI-4) by teachers for students, 45 students were selected who earned the highest scores in this questionnaire, and finally they were placed in two groups of clay therapy and play therapy and control group by simple random sampling. After completing these forms Jordan’s attention deficit disorder, by teachers and parents of students, 8 individual session of 60 minutes, and two groups sessions of 90 minutes of clay therapy and play therapies received by tests groups, which researches were designed based on marks attention deficit disorder, which includes audio visual attention, sequence of procedures, audio and visual memory, Speed of operation, and understanding organizations. After running the Therapeutic intervention program these Jordan’s Index forms were completed by teachers and parents, again. The results of one way ANCOVA showed a significant difference between test groups of clay therapy and play therapy and control groups of attention deficit disorders. In addition, the results of independent sample of T-Test, didn’t showed a significant difference between the methods of clay therapy and play therapy in treatment of attention deficit disorders. The finding of this research showed that clay therapy and play therapies can be and effective methods in increasing the focus and attention for students in the course of their works, and the symptoms of increasing attention deficit disorder can be prevented in higher ages in life by this method.
